Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioproduct: its Potency and Technology Development

Lignocellulosic biomass has high potency to be utilized as materials for bioproducts. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are main polymers which build the biomass structure. To convert the polymers into derived bioproducts, the cell wall structure of biomass must be fractionated. Common fractionation methods include physical, mechanical, biological and chemical process, or the combination between them. In line with the biorefinery concept, i.e. all of polymers can be utilized in creating functional materials, both as final and intermediate bioproducts. Cellulose is main material source for pulp and paper, bioplastic, bioethanol and 5-hydroxyl methylfurfural (HMF) production. Hemicellulose as 5-carbon sugar can be converted into xylitol used in food application as sweetener or in the production of other biochemicals. On the other hand, biosurfactant, activated carbon, and bioadhesives can be obtained from lignin processing. Research Center for Biomaterials LIPI is interested in developing process and technology for the conversion of these polymer into bioproducts, that is derived from wood and non wood material. The bioproducts are bioethanol, bio-adhesive based lignin, bio-surfactant based lignin, wood plastic composites (WPC) and bio-composites. To drive the research development in this area, research collaboration among government, private and international research institutes is encouraged. Journal of Lignocellulose Technology, Vol. 01. Hal. 1-14