Ekstraksi Lemak Sel Tunggal Mikroba yang Berpotensi Menghasilkan Biodiesel

Some microbial and microalgal strains are able to accumulate fatty acid in their cells, making them potential sources of single cell lipid production. Biodiesel from single cell lipid can be obtained by modifying fatty acids through esterification and transesterification processes using methanol in the presence of strong base or acid catalysts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of bacterial and algal strains to produce biodiesel from single cell lipid by conducting a series of extraction procedure including incubation, oil extraction, esterification and indirect trans-esterification. Transesterification using hexane-isopropanol solvent produces a high fatty acid methyl esters content. Single cell lipids extracted from molds (Monascus purpureus, Monilia sitophyla, Aspergillus oryzae, Mucor javanicus, Fusarium oxysporum) and algae (Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus) can be converted to biodiesel by indirect transesterification at high temperature using high amount of anhydrous methanol and sodium hydroxide as catalyst. Single cell lipids derived from molds F. Oxysporum and M. Javanicus were predominated with palmitic acid (41 % and 40 %), while those were of mold of A. Oryzae, M. Purpureus and M. Sitophyla were predominated with linoleic acid (42 %, 36,1 % and 36 %). Single cell lipids of algae C. Vulgaris was predominated with linolenic acid (47 %), while those were of algal S. Limorphus was predominated with linoleic acid (35 %). Palmitic and linoleic acids can be modified through esterification to make biodiesel. In transesterification, a large amount of methanol was used to produce more methyl esters as a final product. J. Tek. Ling., Vol. 15, No. 1. Hal. 15-20 ISSN 1411-318X